From gene to table – DNA barcoding the backbone of next-generation food integrity and safety

Aleksandra Martinović; Nadja Raičević; Beatriz Daza Prieto; Werner Ruppitsch; Marija Vugdelić

doi:10.18485/meattech.2025.66.3.4

Aleksandra Martinović University of Donja Gorica, Faculty for Food Technology, Food Safety and Ecology, Podgorica, Montenegro https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3177-9868
Nadja Raičević University of Donja Gorica,Faculty for Food Technology, Food Safety and Ecology, Podgorica, Montenegro https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8354-9507
Beatriz Daza Prieto Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Vienna, Austria https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7138-5441
Werner Ruppitsch Austrian Agency for Health and Food Safety, Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Vienna, Austria;Medical University Innsbruck, Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, Innsbruck, Austria
Marija Vugdelić University of Donja Gorica, Faculty for Food Technology, Food Safety and Ecology, Podgorica, Montenegro https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5638-3942

DOI: https://doi.org/10.18485/meattech.2025.66.3.4

Keywords: DNA barcoding, food authenticity, food safety, molecular identification, traceability, food fraud

Abstract

The authenticity and safety of food are critical issues in global supply chains, where mislabelling, adulteration and contamination continue to challenge food integrity, consumer-trust and safety, and public health. DNA barcoding, a molecular identification method based on short genetic sequences, is a powerful tool for species verification in a wide range of food products, including meat, fish, plant-based foods, and processed foods. This study explores the application of DNA barcoding with an emphasis on its role against food fraud, consumer protection and public health. Advances in barcoding technologies, coupled with accessible databases enable identification of species even in complex or degraded samples. Case examples illustrate its successful implementation in regulatory, industrial, and research settings. The integration of DNA barcoding into traceability systems supports a more transparent, accountable, and trustworthy food supply industry. As food systems evolve, DNA-based verification is poised to become a core component of next-generation food integrity strategies.