Nutritional status and dietary habits of 15–17-year-old adolescents in Bosnia and Herzegovina: findings from the EU menu national survey

Abstract

Proper nutrition during adolescence is essential for healthy growth, development, and long-term well-being. From 2018 to 2021, the Food Safety Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina conducted a national dietary survey of the population, following the EU Menu methodology. For this study, a subsample of adolescents aged 15–17 years was analyzed, given the physiological similarity of this age group to adults, which allows for the application of standard adult BMI classification. A total of 250 participants were assessed using standardized tools, including the Diet Assess and Plan (DAP) software, collecting data on anthropometry and dietary intake. The majority of adolescents had a normal BMI; however, a concerning proportion of females were underweight. Furthermore, fat intake exceeded recommended levels in both sexes, suggesting potential future health risks. These findings highlight the importance of targeted nutritional education and interventions to promote balanced dietary habits and address both undernutrition and excessive fat intake among adolescents in Bosnia and Herzegovina.